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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Pressure-Induced Re-Entrant Superconductivity in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide TiSe2.

Wei Xia1,2, Jiaxuan Wu3, Chengliang Xia3

  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary

High pressure induces a new superconducting state in titanium diselenide (TiSe2), reaching a transition temperature of 5.6 K. This occurs alongside a structural phase transition to a 4O phase, with the superconductivity mechanism requiring further investigation.

Keywords:
ab initio calculationshigh pressurere‐entrant superconductivitystructural transitiontransition metal dichalcogenide

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Titanium diselenide (TiSe2) is a transition metal dichalcogenide known to exhibit superconductivity.
  • Previous studies identified a superconducting dome in TiSe2 at low pressures (2-4 GPa) with a maximum transition temperature (Tc) of approximately 1.8 K.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of high pressure on the superconducting properties of TiSe2.
  • To explore the structural and electronic changes associated with high-pressure superconductivity in TiSe2.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput first-principles structure search.
  • X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy measurements up to 30 GPa.
  • Ab initio calculations of electron-phonon coupling.

Main Results:

  • A new superconducting state emerges in TiSe2 above approximately 16 GPa, with a significantly higher Tc reaching 5.6 K at 21.5 GPa.
  • TiSe2 undergoes a first-order structural transition from the ambient 1T phase to a novel 4O phase under high pressure.
  • Calculations suggest that the conventional phonon-mediated mechanism cannot fully explain the high-pressure superconductivity in the 4O phase due to weak electron-phonon coupling.

Conclusions:

  • High pressure fundamentally alters the structure and superconducting behavior of TiSe2.
  • The newly discovered high-pressure superconducting state in TiSe2, associated with the 4O phase, likely arises from a mechanism beyond conventional phonon-mediated pairing.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanism responsible for the enhanced superconductivity in pressurized TiSe2.