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Crosstalk between gastrointestinal tract disorders and obstructive sleep apnea
Shijie Jian1,2,3, Jie Liu1,2,4, Meng He1,2
1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
|July 20, 2024
Summary
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) significantly increases obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk. While OSA may also contribute to GERD and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), further research is needed to confirm these causal links.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Gastroenterology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Observational studies suggest a link between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders.
- Investigating the genetic underpinnings of this association is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the potential genetic causal relationships between OSA and gastrointestinal tract disorders, specifically GERD and IBD.
- To clarify the directionality of causality between OSA and these GI conditions.
Main Methods:
- Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was employed to assess genetic associations.
- Inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, MR Egger, and MR-PRESSO were used for primary and sensitivity analyses.
- Multivariable MR (MVMR) was conducted to adjust for potential confounders like obesity (BMI).
Main Results:
- Genetically predicted GERD significantly increased OSA risk (ORIVW = 1.62).
- OSA demonstrated a mild causal effect on GERD risk after adjusting for BMI (ORadjBMI = 1.05).
- OSA was associated with increased risks for IBD (ORIVW = 1.36), including Crohn's disease (ORIVW = 1.41), and a trend for ulcerative colitis.
Conclusions:
- GERD has a substantial causal effect on increasing OSA risk.
- A probable causal relationship exists where OSA may contribute to the development of GERD and IBD.
- These findings highlight a significant crosstalk between OSA and gastrointestinal disorders.
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