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Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

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Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
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Determination of Photoreceptor Cell Spectral Sensitivity in an Insect Model from In Vivo Intracellular Recordings
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Retinomorphic Color Perception Based on Opponent Process Enabled by Perovskite Bipolar Photodetectors.

Si En Ng1, Natalia Yantara2, Ngo Anh Tu3

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|July 20, 2024
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Summary

This study introduces perovskite bipolar photodetectors that mimic retinal color perception. These novel sensors demonstrate chromatic adaptation and enhanced color contrast, paving the way for co-developed sensors and neural wiring.

Keywords:
color perceptionhalide perovskitein‐sensor computingretinomorphicsensory adaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • The human retina uses trichromatic photoreceptors and opponent process neural wiring for color perception.
  • Neuromorphic sensors show promise but struggle with spectral selectivity and emulating neural wiring for color vision.
  • Halide perovskites offer tunable bandgaps, crucial for spectral selectivity in photodetectors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel photodetector capable of emulating the retina's color perception efficiency.
  • To investigate the use of halide perovskites and bipolar photodetector design for advanced color sensing.
  • To explore functionalities like chromatic adaptation, color contrast enhancement, and in-sensor data processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized halide perovskite materials with tunable bandgaps.
  • Designed a novel bipolar photodetector architecture.
  • Investigated stimuli-responsive material properties for adaptation and contrast enhancement.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated emulation of retinal color processing efficiency.
  • Achieved partial color constancy through stimuli-responsive materials.
  • Showcased enhanced color contrasts, leading to in-sensor data compression and edge detection.
  • Highlighted the co-development potential of sensors and neural wiring.

Conclusions:

  • Perovskite bipolar photodetectors effectively emulate retinal color perception and adaptation.
  • The developed technology enables advanced features like color contrast enhancement and in-sensor processing.
  • This work represents a significant step towards integrating sensor and neural wiring functionalities.