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Trauma Laparoscopy: Time Efficient, Cost Effective, and Safe.

Alexa R Dorricott¹, Abigail Dickinson¹, Allison G McNickle¹

¹Department of Surgery, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, Las Vegas, Nevada.

The Journal of Surgical Research

|July 21, 2024

Summary

Laparoscopic surgery in trauma patients shows reduced length of stay (LOS), hospital charges, and fewer complications compared to open celiotomy. Operative times were similar, demonstrating laparoscopy

Keywords:

Operative cost Operative time Trauma laparoscopy Trauma laparotomy

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Area of Science:

Trauma Surgery
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Surgical Outcomes Research

Background:

Laparoscopy offers benefits in abdominal surgery but its utility in trauma remains debated.
This study investigates laparoscopy versus open exploration in trauma patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopy in trauma surgery.
To compare costs, complications, and operative times of laparoscopic versus open abdominal exploration in trauma.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 296 adult patients undergoing abdominal exploration for blunt and penetrating trauma (2008-2020).
Patients categorized into diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy and celiotomy groups.
Exclusion criteria included unstable patients and major vascular repairs.

Main Results:

Diagnostic laparoscopy showed shorter operative times, LOS, and lower hospital charges than diagnostic celiotomy.
Therapeutic laparoscopy demonstrated shorter LOS and lower costs than therapeutic celiotomy, with similar operative times.
Celiotomy groups experienced higher postoperative complication rates.

Conclusions:

Laparoscopy is a safe and effective approach for selected patients with penetrating and blunt abdominal trauma.
Laparoscopic surgery in trauma is associated with decreased LOS, hospital charges, and complications compared to celiotomy.