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Concealed Handgun License Laws and Concealed Handgun License Adoption, 2002-2019.

Susan T Parker¹

¹Bouve School of Health Sciences, School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

|July 21, 2024

Summary

States adopting "shall-issue" concealed carry laws saw an increase in new licenses and a significant rise in denied licenses. This shift impacts public health and safety policies regarding firearm access.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Criminology
Law and Policy

Background:

Concealed weapon carrying in public is increasing nationwide.
This study examines the link between this trend and state adoption of permissive concealed carry laws.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between state concealed carry-licensing laws and the rates of concealed weapon permits issued and denied.
To compare the impact of transitioning from a ban to a shall-issue law versus a may-issue to a shall-issue law.

Main Methods:

Analysis of state-level data from 31 U.S. states between 2002 and 2019.
Calculation of rates for licenses issued, denied, and newly issued per 100,000 residents.
Difference-in-differences methods comparing states with legal changes to those without.

Main Results:

States shifting from a ban to shall-issue laws saw a 2%-6% increase in new licenses.
These transitions were associated with a 75%-85% increase in license denials.
May-issue to shall-issue transitions resulted in fewer licenses awarded compared to ban to shall-issue transitions.

Conclusions:

State concealed carry licensing laws significantly influence permit rates.
These findings can inform public health and safety policies as states revise firearm regulations.