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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Thigh01:20

Muscles that Move the Thigh

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The thigh's motion is primarily governed by muscles originating in the pelvic girdle and inserted into the femur. One crucial muscle, the iliopsoas, is a combination of the psoas major and the iliacus muscles, sharing a common insertion point on the lesser trochanter of the femur.
Three other significant muscles are the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. The gluteus maximus originates from the posterior surface of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx, and the thoracolumbar...
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The external iliac artery transitions out of the body cavity, entering the femoral region of the lower leg, and is renamed the femoral artery at the point where it traverses the body wall. This artery is responsible for the distribution of blood to the thigh's deep muscles and the skin's ventral and lateral regions, achieved through several minor branches and the lateral deep femoral artery, which also spawns a lateral circumflex artery. The knee area receives blood from the genicular...
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Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
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The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles....
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The abdominal wall encircles the abdominal cavity, providing flexible protection and shielding the internal organs from harm. It is bordered at the top by the xiphoid process and costal margins, at the back by the vertebral column, and at the bottom by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament. The abdominal wall is divided into two regions — the anterolateral and posterior regions.
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TFL Perforator Flap Complementing and Completing the ALT-AMT Flap Axis.

Dushyant Jaiswal1, Bharat Saxena2, Saumya Mathews1

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Archives of Plastic Surgery
|July 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Tensor Fascia Lata perforator (TFLP) flap reliably complements the Anterolateral Thigh (ALT) flap for head and neck reconstruction, especially when ALT perforators are absent or for complex defects requiring combined flaps.

Keywords:
ALT flapTFL perforator flapchimeric ALT harvestchimeric flapstensor fascia lata perforator flap

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Area of Science:

  • Microsurgery
  • Reconstructive Surgery
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • Anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is standard for head and neck reconstruction but has harvest unpredictability.
  • Anteromedial thigh (AMT) flap has limited utility due to low incidence and thickness.
  • Tensor fascia lata perforator (TFLP) flap offers a consistent and robust alternative to complement ALT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of the Tensor Fascia Lata perforator (TFLP) flap in head and neck reconstruction.
  • To assess TFLP flap as a complement or alternative to the Anterolateral Thigh (ALT) flap.
  • To explore the use of combined ALT-TFL flaps for complex defects.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 29 cases undergoing free flap head and neck reconstruction using TFLP flap (July 2017 - May 2021).
  • Primary planning for ALT reconstruction, with TFLP utilized when ALT perforators were absent or for complex defects.
  • Evaluation of conjoint, chimeric, and multiple free flap configurations.

Main Results:

  • TFLP flap was utilized in 16 cases due to ALT perforator absence, with a sizable TFL perforator available.
  • Combined ALT-TFL flaps were used in 13 cases for complex defects (conjoint, chimeric, multiple).
  • Two cases experienced complete flap loss, and two had partial necrosis; no adjuvant therapy was delayed.

Conclusions:

  • Tensor Fascia Lata perforator (TFLP) flaps reliably complement the Anterolateral Thigh (ALT) and Anteromedial Thigh (AMT) flap axis.
  • Chimeric ALT-TFL flaps are suitable for large, complex, multicomponent, and multidimensional head and neck defects.