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Peritoneal Lymphomatosis in a Pediatric Patient: A Peruvian Case Report
Junior Principe-Collazos1, Anthony Ramos-Yataco2, Natalia Nombera-Aznaran3
1Department of Pediatrics, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital, Lima, PER.
Cureus
|July 22, 2024
Summary
Peritoneal lymphomatosis causing ascites is a rare presentation of pediatric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This case highlights the diagnostic challenge in differentiating DLBCL from peritoneal tuberculosis in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Hematology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) typically involves lymph nodes.
- Peritoneal lymphomatosis is an uncommon manifestation of NHL, especially in pediatric patients.
- Ascites can be a presenting symptom of peritoneal lymphomatosis.
Observation:
- A unique case of an 11-year-old Peruvian boy presenting with ascites and dyspnea.
- Initial symptoms mimicked peritoneal tuberculosis.
- Laparoscopic biopsy confirmed high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Findings:
- Peritoneal lymphomatosis presenting as ascites is rare in children.
- Differentiating DLBCL from peritoneal tuberculosis can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms.
- The International Pediatric NHL Staging System aids in disease extent assessment.
Implications:
- Awareness of atypical DLBCL presentations is crucial for prompt pediatric diagnosis.
- A comprehensive diagnostic approach is necessary for children with ascites.
- Effective treatment regimens, like the LMB-89 protocol, offer good prognoses for DLBCL.
