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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

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Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and signal-to-noise ratio for the analyte. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.
Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called collision-induced...
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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...
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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI spectrometry is widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.
The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix material. The...
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Applications of the Single-probe: Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Single Cell Analysis under Ambient Conditions
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Mass spectrometry imaging for spatially resolved multi-omics molecular mapping.

Hua Zhang1, Kelly H Lu2, Malik Ebbini1

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA.

Npj Imaging
|July 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Spatial multi-omics using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) offers a comprehensive view of biological systems. This review explores MSI techniques for mapping metabolites, lipids, and proteins, advancing molecular understanding.

Keywords:
Analytical chemistryBiochemistryBiophysical methodsChemical biologyImaging

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Area of Science:

  • Biological Sciences
  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Spatial multi-omics enables multidimensional biological measurements.
  • Understanding molecular intricacies requires holistic exploration of biomolecules and their interactions.
  • Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a key technique for spatial mapping of metabolites, lipids, and proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review MSI techniques for spatially resolved multi-omics analysis.
  • To elucidate the principles, capabilities, and limitations of various MSI methods.
  • To highlight advancements in MSI sensitivity, specificity, and integration with other imaging modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Survey of diverse MSI techniques for spatial multi-omics.
  • Analysis of methodologies enhancing molecular sensitivity and specificity.
  • Examination of integrated MSI-based spatial metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics.

Main Results:

  • MSI provides spatially resolved mapping of diverse biomolecules.
  • Advancements are increasing molecular sensitivity and specificity in MSI.
  • Integration of MSI with other modalities enhances multi-omics capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • MSI is a powerful tool for spatial multi-omics research.
  • Continued technological development promises further insights into biological systems.
  • Future directions for MSI technology hold significant potential for biological discovery.