TSG-6 Is Involved in Fibrous Structural Remodeling after the Injection of Adipose-derived Stem Cells

Area of Science:

• Biomedical research
• Dermatology
• Regenerative medicine

Background:

• Aesthetic treatments can rejuvenate skin but cause unique tissue damage.
• Understanding the mechanisms behind this histological rejuvenation is crucial.
• Cellular responses to subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) injections were investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify key genes orchestrating fibrous structural changes and tissue remodeling after ASC injections.
• To elucidate the cellular mechanisms driving histological rejuvenation in aesthetic treatments.

Main Methods:

• Co-culture of human subcutaneous adipose tissue with ASCs.
• Sequential mapping of fibrous architecture changes.
• Gene expression and computational analyses to identify key regulatory genes.

Main Results:

• Tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) identified as a crucial paracrine mediator.
• TSG-6 alleviates inflammation and promotes collagen replacement ex vivo.
• TSG-6 inhibits neutrophil extracellular trap formation, a known driver of fibrosis.

Conclusions:

• TSG-6 is essential for modulating tissue inflammation and directing skin healing away from fibrosis.
• ASC treatment, mediated by TSG-6, promotes fibrous rejuvenation in subcutaneous adipose tissue.
• TSG-6 plays a vital role in preventing fibrosis and enhancing tissue remodeling post-treatment.