Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.3K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.3K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.0K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.0K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

571
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
571
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

4.2K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
4.2K
Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

281
Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
281

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Solvent Environment Influences Molecular Conformation and Electron Transport in Peptides.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Single-Molecule Electron Transport in Peptoids.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Dual-stage Healing Mechanism of Dynamic PDMS Vitrimer Thin Films.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Aromatic Amide Foldamers Show Conformation-Dependent Electronic Properties.

Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry·2025
Same author

Visualizing energy transfer between redox-active colloids.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Ultrathin Atomically Flat Gold Film for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Single-Particle Fluorescence Spectroscopy.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2025

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

21.6K

Multiple energy dissipation modes in dynamic polymer networks with neutral and ionic junctions.

Seongon Jang1,2,3, Charles M Schroeder1,2,3,4, Christopher M Evans1,2,3

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA. cme365@illinois.edu.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|July 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created polymer networks with both neutral and ionic dynamic crosslinks. These networks exhibit unique damping behaviors distinct from the glass transition, showcasing potential for tailored material properties.

More Related Videos

Application of Voltage in Dynamic Light Scattering Particle Size Analysis
07:51

Application of Voltage in Dynamic Light Scattering Particle Size Analysis

Published on: January 24, 2020

9.9K
Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light
07:56

Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light

Published on: September 20, 2017

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2025

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

21.6K
Application of Voltage in Dynamic Light Scattering Particle Size Analysis
07:51

Application of Voltage in Dynamic Light Scattering Particle Size Analysis

Published on: January 24, 2020

9.9K
Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light
07:56

Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light

Published on: September 20, 2017

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Dynamic polymer networks offer tunable mechanical properties.
  • Understanding the relationship between network architecture and damping behavior is crucial for material design.
  • Ionic and neutral dynamic crosslinks influence polymer network dynamics differently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize polymer networks with controlled ratios of neutral and ionic dynamic crosslink points.
  • To investigate the damping behavior of these polymer networks.
  • To explore the potential of dynamic bond selection for achieving multimodal damping spectra.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of polymer networks using ethylene glycol, boric acid, and lithium hydroxide.
  • Characterization of polymer networks using mechanical spectroscopy to identify damping modes.
  • Analysis of the influence of neutral and ionic crosslink densities on damping properties.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of polymer networks with varying concentrations of neutral and ionic dynamic crosslinks.
  • Observation of distinct damping modes originating from both neutral and ionic crosslink sites.
  • Demonstration that these damping modes are separate from the polymer's glass transition temperature.
  • Correlation between the ratio of neutral to ionic crosslinks and the resulting damping spectrum.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer networks with dynamic crosslinks exhibit complex damping behaviors.
  • Both neutral and ionic dynamic crosslinks contribute unique damping characteristics.
  • Controlled selection of dynamic bonds enables the design of polymer networks with multimodal damping capabilities.
  • This approach offers a pathway to engineer materials with tailored energy dissipation properties.