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Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) - 45S5 Bioactive Glass (BG) Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering: 3D Extrusion Printability and Cytocompatibility Assessment Using Human Osteoblasts

  • 0Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Acs Biomaterials Science & Engineering +

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July 22, 2024

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July 22, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study optimized 3D printable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) composite scaffolds with 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) for bone tissue engineering. The best formulation enhanced printability, biomineralization, and osteoblast support.

Area Of Science

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background

  • 3D extrusion printing is key for complex tissue regeneration scaffolds.
  • Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is a common biomaterial ink base, often modified for improved properties.
  • Tailoring GelMA composites with fillers is crucial for balancing printability and biophysical performance.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To investigate the effect of 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) and GelMA concentration on scaffold properties.
  • To determine the optimal composition for 3D extrusion printing of GelMA-BG scaffolds.
  • To evaluate the biomineralization potential and cytocompatibility of these composite scaffolds.

Main Methods

  • 3D extrusion printing of GelMA-BG composite scaffolds with varying compositions.
  • Mechanical testing (compression stiffness).
  • Degradation and swelling studies in simulated body fluid.
  • Biomineralization assessment via calcium phosphate nucleation.
  • In vitro cytocompatibility testing with human osteoblasts.

Main Results

  • 45S5 BG addition decreased compression stiffness but maintained structural integrity.
  • Optimal printability and buildability achieved with 7.5 wt% GelMA and 2 wt% 45S5 BG.
  • BG addition reduced degradation, increased swelling, and promoted calcium phosphate biomineralization.
  • Scaffolds showed uncompromised human osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic marker expression.

Conclusions

  • GelMA/45S5 BG composites offer a promising platform for 3D printed bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
  • Compositional tuning allows for control over printability, mechanical properties, and biological response.
  • The developed scaffolds demonstrate potential for promoting bone regeneration through biomineralization and supporting osteoblast activity.

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