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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

931
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
931

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Infectious Complications Following CD30 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Adults.

Felicia Cao, Yueling Xiu, Michael Mohnasky

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |July 23, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary

    Infections occurred similarly after CD30.CAR T-cell and CD19.CAR T-cell therapies. CD30.CAR T-cell patients experienced more viral infections, while CD19.CAR T-cell patients had more bacterial infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a promising cancer treatment.
    • Infections are a frequent and serious complication of CAR T-cell therapy, particularly with CD19.CAR T-cells.
    • The infectious risk associated with CAR T-cell therapies targeting other antigens, such as CD30, is less understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and compare the incidence and characteristics of infections following CD30.CAR T-cell therapy versus CD19.CAR T-cell therapy.
    • To establish a benchmark for infectious complications after CD30.CAR T-cell treatment.
    • To inform potential adjustments to antimicrobial prophylaxis strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 64 patients receiving CD30.CAR T-cells and 50 patients receiving CD19.CAR T-cells at a single institution.
    • Assessment of microbiologically confirmed infections within one year post-infusion.
    • Comparison of infection incidence, severity, and type between the two CAR T-cell therapy groups.

    Main Results:

    • The incidence of infection within one year was similar between CD30.CAR T-cell (36%) and CD19.CAR T-cell (36%) recipients.
    • CD30.CAR T-cell patients predominantly experienced Grade 1 respiratory viral infections.
    • CD19.CAR T-cell patients had a higher incidence of infection severity and bacterial infections.

    Conclusions:

    • The incidence of infections after CD30.CAR T-cell therapy is comparable to that of CD19.CAR T-cell therapy.
    • Viral infections are more common with CD30.CAR T-cell therapy, whereas bacterial infections are more prevalent with CD19.CAR T-cell therapy.
    • These findings provide valuable insights for managing infections and optimizing prophylaxis in patients undergoing CD30.CAR T-cell treatment.