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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2025

$Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2$

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

Published on: December 8, 2016

Soft x-ray high diffraction efficiency and spectral flux laminar-type W/B4C multilayer diffraction grating for

M Koike^1,2,3, T Hatano², A S Pirozhkov¹

¹Kansai Institute for Photon Science (KPSI), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|July 23, 2024

Summary

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X-ray Crystallography

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...

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Design of soft x-ray high diffraction efficiency and spectral flux Au/Ni bilayer coated laminar-type diffraction grating for objective soft x-ray flat-field spectrograph in a region of 250-550 eV.

The Review of scientific instruments·2024

New multilayer diffraction gratings significantly enhance soft x-ray spectrograph sensitivity for detecting elements like iron, copper, and zinc. These improved gratings offer 3.2-8.2 times higher spectral flux without compromising spectral resolution.

Area of Science:

X-ray optics and spectroscopy
Materials science for advanced coatings
Instrument development for scientific research

Background:

Soft x-ray spectroscopy is crucial for analyzing elemental emissions, particularly Fe-L, Cu-L, and Zn-L.
Existing flat-field spectrographs face limitations in detection limit and sensitivity.
Improving spectral flux is key to enhancing detection sensitivity in spectrographic instruments.

Purpose of the Study:

To design multilayer diffraction gratings for soft x-ray flat-field spectrographs.
To enhance the detection limit and sensitivity for specific soft x-ray emissions (300-1000 eV).
To increase spectral flux while maintaining spectral resolution and dispersion.

Main Methods:

Utilized a super-mirror-type W/B4C multilayer coating with graded refractive index and period length.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2025

$Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2$

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

Published on: December 8, 2016

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

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Published on: November 30, 2012

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

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Optimized incidence angle to 86.03° and increased groove density to 3200 lines/mm.

Designed a holographic varied-line-spacing spherical grating using aspherical-wavefront-recording method.

Main Results:

Numerical simulations demonstrated a 3.2-8.2 times increase in spectral flux.
The new design maintained spectral resolution comparable to previous designs.
Enhanced diffraction efficiency across a wide energy range was achieved.

Conclusions:

The developed W/B4C multilayer gratings significantly improve soft x-ray spectrograph performance.
The design advancements enable more sensitive detection of key elemental emissions.
This work contributes to advancements in soft x-ray spectroscopy instrumentation.