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Microscopic Origin of the Quantum Mpemba Effect in Integrable Systems.
Colin Rylands1, Katja Klobas2,3, Filiberto Ares1
1SISSA and INFN Sezione di Trieste, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.
Physical Review Letters
|July 23, 2024
Summary
Researchers explored a quantum Mpemba effect in many-body systems. They found that asymmetric initial states can relax faster than symmetric ones, revealing new criteria for this phenomenon in quantum systems.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Statistical mechanics
- Condensed matter theory
Background:
- The Mpemba effect describes counterintuitive faster freezing of hotter water.
- Classical Mpemba effect mechanisms remain poorly understood.
- Far-from-equilibrium systems challenge conventional physical intuition.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate a quantum version of the Mpemba effect in closed many-body systems.
- Establish criteria for faster relaxation in asymmetric initial quantum configurations.
- Relate quantum Mpemba effect to initial state properties like charge fluctuations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized entanglement asymmetry to define criteria for quantum Mpemba effect.
- Employed exact analytic and numerical techniques for analysis.
- Studied models including free fermions, Rule 54 cellular automaton, and Lieb-Liniger.
Main Results:
- Identified criteria for quantum Mpemba effect in integrable systems.
- Demonstrated faster symmetry restoration from asymmetric initial states.
- Linked charge fluctuations in initial states to the occurrence of the quantum Mpemba effect.
Conclusions:
- Provided a framework to understand the quantum Mpemba effect in integrable systems.
- Entanglement asymmetry serves as a key criterion for the quantum Mpemba effect.
- Initial state properties significantly influence relaxation dynamics in quantum systems.
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