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Bite force and its correlations in different denture types.

V Lassila, I Holmlund, K K Koivumaa

    Acta Odontologica Scandinavica
    |July 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Maximal bite force is influenced by age, sex, and denture status. Higher bite forces in partial denture wearers correlated with denture fractures, while occlusion disturbances reduced bite force, especially in complete denture users.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dentistry
    • Biomechanics
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Maximal bite force is a key indicator of oral function.
    • Denture status and age can significantly impact masticatory performance.
    • Understanding factors affecting bite force is crucial for prosthetic rehabilitation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between maximal bite force, age, sex, and intraoral conditions in different patient groups.
    • To identify factors associated with denture fracture and patient satisfaction.
    • To compare bite force characteristics between complete denture wearers and those with natural teeth or partial dentures.

    Main Methods:

    • Maximal bite force was measured in 89 patients across three denture groups (complete, partial, natural dentition) and three age groups (≤59, 60-69, ≥70 years).
    • Measurements were taken at seven intraoral points using a biting fork and occlusion stabilizer.
    • Intraoral conditions, including denture status and mandibular alveolar process height, were examined.

    Main Results:

    • Maximal bite force showed significant correlations with age and sex (P < 0.01).
    • In partial denture groups, high bite force correlated with denture fracture (P < 0.001, P < 0.05).
    • Satisfied patients exhibited higher bite forces. Occlusal disturbances reduced bite force, particularly in complete denture groups (P < 0.001).

    Conclusions:

    • Age, sex, and denture type are significant determinants of maximal bite force.
    • High bite forces in partial denture wearers increase fracture risk. Occlusal stability is critical for optimal bite force, especially with complete dentures.
    • Masticatory efficiency is influenced by the presence of natural teeth and the condition of the denture-bearing mucosa.

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