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Published on: March 24, 2023

Quantitative Liver Imaging in Children.

Haesung Yoon¹, Jisoo Kim, Hyun Ji Lim

¹From the Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (H.Y.); Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (H.Y., J.K., H.J.L., M.-J.L.); and Department of Pediatric Radiology, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (J.K., H.J.L., M.-J.L.).

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|July 24, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative imaging is crucial for pediatric liver disease treatment assessment. This review details updated ultrasound and MRI techniques tailored for children, addressing challenges like motion and sedation.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Radiology
Medical Imaging
Hepatology

Background:

Pediatric liver disease diagnosis and monitoring require quantitative imaging, but children present unique challenges compared to adults.
Children's movement during scans necessitates sedation, and longer follow-up periods impact imaging protocols.
Tailoring noninvasive imaging tests is essential for accurate pediatric liver disease assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of updated quantitative imaging techniques for assessing pediatric liver disease.
To highlight the specific considerations and challenges in imaging children with liver conditions.
To review quantitative imaging methods for various pediatric liver diseases.

Main Methods:

Review of current ultrasound techniques, including echo analysis and novel attenuation imaging for fatty liver.
Discussion of ultrasound elastography and probe selection across the pediatric age spectrum.
Exploration of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) quantitative analysis, including fat analysis and MR elastography, acknowledging sedation needs.

Main Results:

Ultrasound remains a primary tool, with advancements in fatty liver evaluation.
MRI offers quantitative analysis but requires sedation in younger children.
Specific quantitative imaging approaches are discussed for conditions like fatty liver, Wilson disease, biliary atresia, hepatic fibrosis, Fontan-associated liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, and liver transplantation.

Conclusions:

Updated quantitative imaging techniques, particularly ultrasound and MRI, are vital for pediatric liver disease management.
Addressing pediatric-specific challenges like motion and growth is critical for effective imaging.
Tailored imaging protocols ensure accurate assessment and monitoring of liver conditions in children.