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Impact of celiac disease in Behçet's syndrome patients: a study based on the database of Türkiye
Nuray Yilmaz Çakmak1, Naim Ata2, Serdar Can Güven3
1Department of Internal Medicine Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkiye.
Insights
Patients with Behçet's syndrome (BS) and celiac disease (CD) were younger, predominantly female, and experienced earlier onset. The co-occurrence of CD with BS increased the overall disease burden, particularly with inflammatory bowel disease and other comorbidities.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Rheumatology
- Genetics
Background:
- Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a multisystemic inflammatory disorder.
- Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten.
- The interplay between BS and CD is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical characteristics of Behçet's syndrome patients with concomitant celiac disease.
- To identify differences in disease onset, demographics, and comorbidities between BS patients with and without CD.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, nationwide, multicenter study.
- Data extracted from the Turkish Ministry of Health National Electronic Database (e-Nabız).
- Statistical analysis including t-tests and binary logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Out of 84,241 BS patients, 175 (0.21%) had CD.
- BS patients with CD were significantly younger (mean age 41.30 ± 13.69) and predominantly female (71.4%).
- Earlier BS onset (mean age 36.64 ± 13.28) and higher prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease, depression, migraine, fibromyalgia, and osteoporosis were observed in the CD group.
Conclusions:
- Concomitant CD in BS patients is associated with female predominance and earlier disease onset.
- The coexistence of CD with BS suggests an increased overall disease burden, including higher rates of inflammatory bowel disease and other comorbidities.
Background/Aim:
Our primary aim was to investigate the effects of concomitant celiac disease (CD) on the clinical characteristics of Behçet's syndrome (BS) patients.
Materials And Method:
The study was a retrospective, nationwide, multicenter study. Turkish Ministry of Health National Electronic Database (e-Nabız) is used under Health Ministry's supervision to extract the subject's data.
Statistical Analysis:
Statistical analyses were made by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York). Continuous variables were presented by mean ± standard derivation (SD) or median (min-max) according to normality and compared by student-t test. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to further investigating the relation between having a concomitant CD with each BD manifestation and comorbidity, frequencies of which were detected to be significantly different in the student-test.
Results:
A total of 84,241 patients diagnosed with BS were analyzed, and CD was identified in 175 (0.21 %) patients. The group with CD had a mean age of 41.30 ± 13.69 which was significantly younger. the prevalence of females was significantly higher (71.4%). The mean age of first admission for BS was also significantly younger in the group with CD (36.64 ± 13.28). BS patients with CD had a significantly higher prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (27.2% vs. 7.3%, p < 0.001). When comorbid conditions were investigated depression (35.4% vs. 23.3%, p < 0.001), migraine (7.4 % vs. 2.6%, p < 0.001), fibromyalgia (10.9% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.001) and osteoporosis (12.6% vs. 6.6%, p = 0.001) were significantly more frequent in BS patients with CD.
Conclusion:
Our results suggest coexistence of CD in BS patients is related to female dominance and probably to an earlier disease onset. Several CD-related comorbidities as well as inflammatory bowel disease were more frequent in the CD group which implied an increased overall disease burden.
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