Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 22, 2026
05:19
Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment
Published on: June 1, 2015
13.6K
Measuring spatial navigation during locomotion in children: A systematic review
Nuria Martín-Pozuelo1,2, Lidia Carballo-Costa3, Marina Solís-García2
1Neuroscience and Motor Control Group, Department of Physical Therapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade da Coruña and Biomedical Institute of A Coruña (INIBIC). Lugar das Xubias, 15006, A Coruña, Spain.
Heliyon
|July 25, 2024
Summary
Locomotion is key for assessing spatial navigation in children. Active exploration matters more than the method of movement, especially for those with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Area of Science:
- Developmental psychology
- Neuroscience
- Human locomotion
Background:
- Spatial navigation is crucial for human interaction with the environment.
- Locomotion, particularly walking, is a highly developed human skill.
- Assessing spatial navigation in children requires specialized tools.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the role of locomotion in spatial navigation assessments for children.
- To review instruments for evaluating spatial navigation in typically developing children and those with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across six databases (Dec 2022-Feb 2023, updated July 2023).
- Inclusion of cross-sectional and observational studies.
- Analysis of 47 selected studies from 3,385 initially screened.
Main Results:
- Locomotion influenced spatial navigation in 5 studies and was an explanatory variable in 7.
- Most studies focused on children aged 5-12 years; only 9 included infants/preschoolers.
- Only 8 studies assessed spatial abilities in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Conclusions:
- Children with or at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments exhibit weaker spatial navigation skills.
- Active spatial exploration is more critical than the specific mode of locomotion.
- Early-infancy assessment tools for spatial navigation during locomotion are needed.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Introduction to Global Positioning System
The Global Positioning System (GPS) revolutionized positioning on Earth, providing precise location data through satellite ranging. The GPS system was developed in 1978 by the U.S. Department of Defense for military use, and it became available for civilian applications in 1983, transforming fields including navigation, fleet management, and time synchronization for telecommunications systems.GPS consists of satellites in medium Earth orbit, about 20,200 kilometers above the surface,...
01:26Errors in Global Positioning System
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
01:28Field Application of Global Positioning System
The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
01:30Types of Global Positioning System Surveys
GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
01:30Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device
Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point served as...
01:29Real-World Applications of Space Curves
Modern aerospace navigation depends on the accurate prediction of motion in three-dimensional space. In defense applications, radar systems continuously track both interceptors and moving aerial targets to find whether their flight paths will result in a collision. These motions are modeled mathematically as space curves, which represent paths that change continuously with time. Each object’s position is described by a vector function that specifies its location in terms of time-dependent...