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Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2025

Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity
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Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity

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Quantitative Analysis of Complement Membrane Attack Complex Proteins Associated with Extracellular Vesicles.

Illarion V Turko1

  • 1Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Maryland, Rockville, ML 20850, USA.

Proteomes
|July 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry membrane attack complex (MAC) proteins but do not appear to contain preformed MACs. This finding impacts understanding of EV-mediated intercellular communication in complement pathways.

Keywords:
extracellular vesiclesmass spectrometrymembrane attack complexmultiple reaction monitoringtargeted protein quantification

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of intercellular communication.
  • Complement proteins, including those forming the membrane attack complex (MAC), have been detected in EV preparations.
  • The precise role and form of MAC proteins on EVs remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and stoichiometry of MAC-forming proteins on highly purified EVs from normal human plasma.
  • To determine if EVs carry preformed MAC structures.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative mass spectrometry was employed for targeted protein measurement.
  • Analysis focused on MAC-forming proteins: C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9.
  • EVs were purified from normal human plasma.

Main Results:

  • MAC-forming proteins (C5b-C9) were quantified on purified EVs.
  • These proteins were found at approximately equal stoichiometry.
  • The observed stoichiometry does not align with the expected composition of a preformed MAC.

Conclusions:

  • EVs associated with MAC proteins can be released from plasma.
  • These EVs may deliver MAC proteins to recipient cells.
  • There is no evidence presented that EVs carry preformed MACs.