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Neural Functioning in Late-Life Depression: An Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-Analysis.

Antonio Del Casale1,2, Serena Mancino3, Jan Francesco Arena1

  • 1Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Late-life depression (LLD) involves altered brain activity, particularly in the cortico-limbic-striatal and cortico-striatal-cerebellar networks. Understanding these neurofunctional changes is key for effective LLD interventions.

Keywords:
depressive disorderfunctional neuroimaginggeriatric psychiatrylate onset disordersmedial frontal gyrussuperior temporal gyrus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Late-life depression (LLD) is a prevalent mental disorder in the elderly, linked to cognitive decline and mortality.
  • LLD poses a significant public health challenge due to increasing elderly populations and healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neuroanatomical and neurofunctional correlates of LLD.
  • To identify specific brain regions and networks involved in the neurophysiopathology of LLD through meta-analysis.

Main Methods:

  • An Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was performed.
  • Functional neuroimaging studies comparing patients with LLD and healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed.
  • 19 studies involving 844 subjects (439 LLD patients, 405 HCs) were included.

Main Results:

  • LLD patients showed hypoactivation in the right superior/medial frontal gyri, left cingulate cortex, left putamen, and left caudate body.
  • Hyperactivation was observed in the left superior temporal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, right anterior cingulate cortex, and cerebellum (culmen, declive).
  • Significant alterations in activation patterns were found within the cortico-limbic-striatal network.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified specific brain regions with altered activation in LLD patients compared to HCs.
  • Findings highlight the involvement of both cortico-limbic-striatal and cortico-striatal-cerebellar networks in LLD.
  • These results are crucial for developing targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies for LLD.