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Detection of a Circulating MicroRNA Custom Panel in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Published on: March 14, 2019
New Perspectives in Colorectal Cancers Treatment, the Role of MicroRNAs
Victoria A Belova1, Liudmila V Spirina1,2, Alexandra V Avgustinovich2
1Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
Abstract:
The main epidemiological and clinical data on colorectal cancer, as well as the features of molecular pathology, are discussed in the literature review. Efforts are being putto identify promising targets, particularly small non-coding nucleotide sequences, which can lead to new treatments for this disease. The discovery of significant mutations that contribute to the development of colorectal tumors is a major step in the advancement of molecular oncology, as these mutations give rise to heterogeneous tumors that differ in their origin. These mutations play a significant role in the progression of the disease and are now being targeted for treatment. The prognosis for a disease is influenced by the patient's sensitivity to antitumor therapy. However, new approaches to finding effective targets for antitumor treatments face new fundamental challenges due to clinical issues. These issues include the epigenetic regulation of markers of oncogenesis, which allows for the development of new therapeutic strategies. RNA interference, in particular, has been linked to non-copying RNA sequences such as microRNAs. These microRNAs are associated with certain processes that can influence all aspects of oncogenesis. The diversity of microRNAs allows for a differentiated approach when treating tumors in various locations.
Insights
This review explores colorectal cancer's molecular pathology and identifies small non-coding RNAs, like microRNAs, as promising therapeutic targets. These targets offer new strategies for treating this complex disease.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents complex epidemiological and clinical characteristics.
- Molecular pathology reveals significant mutations driving tumor heterogeneity and progression.
- Identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on colorectal cancer's molecular pathology.
- To highlight small non-coding nucleotide sequences as potential therapeutic targets.
- To discuss challenges and opportunities in developing new CRC treatments.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of epidemiological, clinical, and molecular data on colorectal cancer.
- Analysis of research on genetic mutations and epigenetic regulation in oncogenesis.
- Exploration of RNA interference mechanisms, including microRNAs.
Main Results:
- Significant mutations drive CRC heterogeneity and disease progression.
- Small non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, are implicated in oncogenesis.
- Epigenetic regulation offers avenues for novel therapeutic strategies.
Conclusions:
- MicroRNAs represent promising targets for developing differentiated colorectal cancer treatments.
- Understanding molecular pathology and epigenetic factors is key to advancing CRC therapy.
- Targeting specific molecular pathways, including those involving microRNAs, can overcome clinical challenges.
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