Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
07:51

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

Published on: May 21, 2015

17.2K

Imbalance polarization of M1/M2 macrophages in miscarried uterus

Jun Feng1,2, Ping Gao3, Ting Wu1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Plos One
|July 25, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) trigger M1 macrophage polarization in the uterus, leading to miscarriage. This study reveals uterine M1/M2 macrophage imbalance and increased monocyte migration as key factors in LPS-induced pregnancy loss.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are known to induce miscarriage during early pregnancy.
  • LPS activates macrophages, promoting M1 polarization, but its specific role in LPS-related miscarriage is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of macrophage polarization in LPS-induced miscarriage.
  • To analyze gene expression and macrophage populations in the uterus following LPS exposure.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and Flow Cytometry were used to analyze uterine immune cells.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assessed chemokine expression related to monocyte migration.

Main Results:

  • Uterine M1 macrophage percentage increased, while M2 decreased after LPS injection.
  • Significant upregulation of MCP-1, CCL3, CCL4, and monocyte numbers was observed in the uterus.
  • No significant changes in M1/M2 macrophage percentages were found in the spleens.

Conclusions:

  • Uterine macrophage polarization and proportion shifts contribute to LPS-induced miscarriage.
  • Aberrant M1/M2 macrophage polarization is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  • Findings provide insights into immune cell differentiation's role in maintaining normal pregnancy.

More Related Videos

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage05:16

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage

Published on: August 4, 2021

3.3K
Polarization and Characterization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages on Implant Surfaces08:37

Polarization and Characterization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages on Implant Surfaces

Published on: December 6, 2024

684

Related Concept Videos

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...