Extreme events and extreme multistability in a nearly conservative system

Area of Science:

• Complex Systems Dynamics
• Nonlinear Dynamics
• Chaos Theory

Background:

• Complex variable dynamical systems can exhibit unpredictable behavior.
• Understanding the origins of extreme events is crucial for risk assessment and prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

• Investigate the emergence of extreme events in a complex variable dynamical system.
• Explore the underlying mechanisms driving the onset and transitions of extreme amplitude events.

Main Methods:

• Numerical simulations of a complex variable dynamical system.
• Nullcline analysis and vector field exploration.
• Hardware electronic experiments for validation.

Main Results:

• Extreme events emerge when a nearly conservative system is perturbed by external forcing.
• The study identified dynamic origins and transition pathways for extreme amplitude events.
• Numerical findings were corroborated by experimental results.

Conclusions:

• External forcing is a key factor in triggering extreme events in such systems.
• Nullcline analysis provides insight into the mechanisms behind extreme event formation.
• The validated model offers a reliable framework for studying extreme events.