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Thermo-Switchable Enzyme@Metal-Organic Framework for Selective Biocatalysis and Biosensing.

Jiale Lin1, Cai Shen2, Yongfa Cheng1

  • 1Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a thermo-switchable enzyme@MOF (CRL@ZIF-8-PNIPAM) for size-selective biocatalysis. Temperature changes reversibly control pore size, enabling tunable enzyme selectivity for small and large molecules.

Keywords:
biosensorsdetection of nitrofenmetal−organic frameworkselective catalysistemperature control

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Enzyme immobilization enhances stability and reusability.
  • Stimulus-responsive materials offer tunable control over enzyme activity.
  • Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) provide versatile platforms for enzyme encapsulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a thermo-switchable enzyme@MOF (CRL@ZIF-8-PNIPAM) for size-selective biocatalysis and biosensing.
  • To investigate the temperature-dependent modulation of substrate selectivity in immobilized lipase.
  • To develop an electrochemical biosensor utilizing the thermo-switchable enzyme@MOF for selective pesticide detection.

Main Methods:

  • Immobilization of *Candida rugosa* lipase (CRL) within ZIF-8 functionalized with poly(*N*-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM).
  • Characterization of ZIF-8-PNIPAM nanostructures and their pore size modulation via temperature changes.
  • Assay of hydrolytic activity for small (p-nitrophenyl butyrate) and large (p-nitrophenyl palmitate) substrates at different temperatures.
  • Fabrication and testing of electrochemical biosensors for pesticide detection.

Main Results:

  • CRL@ZIF-8-PNIPAM exhibited size-selective hydrolysis, favoring small molecules over large ones.
  • The enzyme@MOF demonstrated thermo-switchable behavior, with significantly lower activity for large molecules at 40 °C (blocked pores) compared to 27 °C (open pores).
  • A gradual pore size transition led to a delay in the thermo-switchable catalytic response during thermal cycling.
  • Successful application in electrochemical biosensors for selective detection of pesticides based on molecular size.

Conclusions:

  • The developed thermo-switchable enzyme@MOF enables tunable size-selective biocatalysis and biosensing.
  • Temperature stimulus effectively modulates the pore size of ZIF-8-PNIPAM, controlling enzyme accessibility and selectivity.
  • This platform holds promise for advanced applications in enzyme engineering and chemical sensing.