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Deep Learning-Enabled Vasculometry Depicts Phased Lesion Patterns in High Myopia Progression.

Hai-Long He¹, Yi-Xin Liu¹, Hanruo Liu¹

¹Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)

|July 25, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

High myopia progression involves two distinct phases of retinal vascular changes. Early stages show traction lesions, while later stages exhibit atrophic lesions, revealing insights into myopia development.

Keywords:

Artificial intelligence Gender difference Glaucoma High myopia Retinal vascular morphology

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Medical Imaging
Vascular Biology

Background:

High myopia (HM) is a significant cause of visual impairment.
Understanding the mechanisms of HM progression is crucial for developing effective interventions.
Retinal vascular alterations are implicated in the pathogenesis of HM.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate distinct phases of retinal vascular morphological changes in high myopia.
To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of high myopia progression.
To correlate retinal vasculature parameters with peripapillary atrophy (PPA).

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 14,066 fundus photographs from 5775 high myopia patients.
Development of an intelligent image processing model to quantify retinal vascular morphology (caliber, AVR, tortuosity, AVA, DVA, density, fractal dimension).
Correlation analysis between vascular parameters, optic disc, PPA width, and staged morphological changes using regression models.

Main Results:

Significant sex-based variations in retinal vessel morphology were observed.
Increased PPA width correlated with reduced AVA, DVA, vascular caliber, tortuosity, density, and fractal dimension.
Retinal vascular changes occurred in two phases: initial rapid decrease in tortuosity/AVA followed by slower changes, and an opposite trend for density/fractal dimension.

Conclusions:

Two distinct phases of retinal vascular morphological changes characterize high myopia progression.
The initial phase is dominated by traction lesions, while the later phase shows predominant atrophic lesions.
These findings offer new insights into the development of high myopia from a retinal vasculature perspective.