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Swyer-James Syndrome: A Rare Radiological Report of Two Cases Presenting in Adulthood
Khavin Kumar1, Jeffrey S Joseph1, Ramprasath Sathiamoorthy1
1Department of Radiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, IND.
Abstract:
Swyer-James syndrome (SJS), also termed MacLeod syndrome, is an acquired secondary unilateral hyperlucency of the lung due to childhood lung infections. This disorder can be diagnosed in children; however if there are few or no symptoms, diagnosis can be missed and can then be detected later in adult life as an incidental finding. We present here the case reports of two patients, where one of them had a unique presentation of unilateral hyperlucency on a chest radiograph and a bilateral mosaic pattern on CT lung but with no history of childhood infections and another case with unilateral hyperlucency of the lung with the history of childhood infection were diagnosed as SJS. This article is important as it highlights the significant radiological finding in accurately diagnosing this condition, when the presenting complaint and past history are inconclusive, thereby guiding proper management.
Insights
Swyer-James syndrome (SJS) presents as unilateral lung hyperlucency, often missed in childhood. Radiological findings are key for diagnosing SJS, especially when patient history is unclear.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Radiology
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- Swyer-James syndrome (SJS), or MacLeod syndrome, is an acquired lung condition resulting from childhood infections.
- It can be asymptomatic in childhood, leading to delayed diagnosis in adulthood as an incidental finding.
Observation:
- Two cases of SJS are presented, one with typical unilateral hyperlucency and childhood infection history.
- A unique case demonstrated unilateral hyperlucency with bilateral mosaic pattern on CT, despite no history of childhood infections.
Findings:
- Radiological findings, including unilateral lung hyperlucency and mosaic patterns, are crucial for diagnosing SJS.
- Diagnostic challenges arise when clinical presentation and patient history are inconclusive.
Implications:
- Accurate radiological diagnosis of SJS is vital for appropriate patient management.
- This highlights the importance of recognizing specific imaging patterns in diagnosing rare pulmonary conditions.
