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Related Concept Videos

Arteries of the Lower Limbs01:24

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
182

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Case Report: Focal, generalized, or both: does generalized network involvement preclude successful epilepsy surgery?

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This study shows that even with EEG patterns typically seen in generalized epilepsies, focal epilepsy can be successfully treated with surgery. Surgical resection led to long-term seizure freedom in both cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epileptology
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies (DEE) often present with distinct EEG patterns.
  • Focal epilepsy can sometimes exhibit generalized EEG features, complicating diagnosis and treatment planning.

Observation:

  • Two pediatric cases with focal epilepsy presented with scalp EEG findings characteristic of DEE, including slow spike-wave and generalized paroxysmal fast activity.
  • Both patients underwent invasive intracranial EEG monitoring.

Findings:

  • Focal cortical resections were performed in both cases.
  • Both patients achieved long-term seizure freedom post-surgery.
  • Generalized EEG findings resolved after surgical intervention.

Implications:

  • Scalp EEG features resembling generalized epilepsies do not exclude focal epilepsy.
  • Curative epilepsy surgery is a viable option for focal epilepsy with generalized EEG patterns.
  • These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive evaluation for surgical candidacy in complex epilepsy cases.