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Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

6.8K

Arbovirus Transmission in Australia from 2002 to 2017

Elvina Viennet1,2, Francesca D Frentiu2, Emilie McKenna1,2

  • 1Research and Development, Strategy and Growth, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.

Biology
|July 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study mapped arbovirus (Ross River virus, Barmah Forest virus, dengue virus) spread in Australia, finding weather impacts transmission and blood donation rates. Public health interventions can be informed by these findings.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Arboviruses, including Ross River virus (RRV), Barmah Forest virus (BFV), and dengue virus (DENV), represent a significant global health concern.
  • These viruses are common in Australia and have been linked to transfusion-transmitted infections, impacting blood supply safety.
  • Understanding the geographic and temporal spread of arboviruses is crucial for public health preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of eight clinically significant arboviruses in Australia.
  • To investigate the relationship between arbovirus incidence, weather variables, and blood donation numbers.
  • To identify high-risk regions for arbovirus transmission and inform public health interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Australian Department of Health data (2002-2017) for eight arboviruses.
  • Employed Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping and space-time scan statistics for spatial and temporal analysis.
  • Applied regression models to assess the influence of weather variables (rainfall, temperature, humidity) and their lags on arbovirus cases and blood donations.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant spatiotemporal variations in arbovirus incidence across Australia.
  • Average rainfall, minimum temperature, daily temperature variation, and relative humidity were key predictors of arbovirus transmission.
  • Blood donation numbers were significantly associated with the incidence rates of all studied viruses, particularly dengue virus (DENV) in relation to local transmission.

Conclusions:

  • This research provides the first fine-geographical level analysis of eight clinically relevant arboviruses in Australia.
  • The findings highlight the impact of environmental factors on arbovirus transmission and blood donation rates.
  • Results offer valuable insights for targeted public health interventions and blood supply management strategies in at-risk areas.
Keywords:
Australiaarbovirusblood donationcluster analysisweather patterns

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