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Related Concept Videos

Radical Autoxidation01:20

Radical Autoxidation

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The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
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The Electron Transport Chain01:30

The Electron Transport Chain

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The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is an exothermic process in which free energy released during electron transfer reactions is coupled to ATP synthesis. This process is a significant source of energy in aerobic cells, and therefore inhibitors of the electron transport chain can be detrimental to the cell's metabolic processes.
Inhibitors of the electron transport chain
Rotenone, a widely used pesticide, prevents electron transfer from Fe-S cluster to ubiquinone or Q...
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Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

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The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
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Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

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In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

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Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate.  The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2025

Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C UV-C Damage
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Catalase Deactivation Increases Dermatophyte Sensitivity to ROS Sources.

Sebastian Jusuf1,2, Michael K Mansour1,2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Blue light inactivates catalase in fungal skin infections, increasing susceptibility to oxidative stress. This novel approach offers a non-drug treatment for resistant dermatophytes.

Keywords:
ROScatalasedermatophytelightphototherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Photobiology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Dermatophytes cause widespread fungal skin infections globally.
  • Antifungal misuse has led to the emergence of resistant strains, such as *Trichophyton indotineae*.
  • There is an urgent need for alternative treatments against resistant dermatophytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of blue light as a non-drug therapeutic for dermatophyte infections.
  • To determine if blue light can inactivate catalase in dermatophytes.
  • To assess the impact of blue light-induced catalase inactivation on fungal susceptibility and growth.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 405 nm LED to treat susceptible and resistant dermatophyte strains.
  • Measured changes in catalase activity and fungal sensitivity to reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • Assessed the effect of blue light on hyphal formation, polarized growth, and biomass.

Main Results:

  • Blue light effectively inactivated catalase in various dermatophyte strains.
  • Light-treated dermatophytes showed increased sensitivity to ROS-producing agents like H2O2 and amphotericin B.
  • Blue light treatment inhibited dermatophyte hyphal development and suppressed biomass formation.

Conclusions:

  • Blue light-induced catalase inactivation is a promising strategy for managing dermatophyte infections.
  • This method enhances the efficacy of existing antimicrobial agents by increasing ROS sensitivity.
  • Catalase-deactivating blue light offers a potential non-invasive, non-drug-reliant treatment option, complementing current therapies.