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Responsive Acrylamide-Based Hydrogels: Advances in Interpenetrating Polymer Structures.

Lenka Hanyková¹, Julie Šťastná¹, Ivan Krakovský¹

¹Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 26, 2024

Summary

Responsive hydrogels mimic natural tissues and offer advanced applications. Double-network hydrogels significantly improve mechanical strength for innovative material performance.

Keywords:

acrylamide-based polymers biomedical applications double network drug delivery hydrophilic polymer interpenetrating polymer network lower critical solution temperature mechanical properties pH responsiveness poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide)poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)polymer hydrogel stimuli-responsive polymers temperature responsiveness

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Published on: April 16, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Biomedical Engineering
Polymer Chemistry

Background:

Hydrogels, inspired by natural tissues, are versatile biomaterials for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensors.
Responsive hydrogels exhibit tunable properties in response to external stimuli like temperature and pH.
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) is a key temperature-sensitive polymer used in hydrogel development.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advancements in responsive acrylamide-based hydrogels with interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structures.
To highlight recent research on double-network (DN) hydrogels and their enhanced mechanical properties.
To explore the potential of these hydrogels in diverse technological applications.

Main Methods:

Review of scientific literature on responsive hydrogels, focusing on acrylamide-based systems.
Analysis of studies detailing the synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) and double-network (DN) hydrogels.
Examination of research on stimuli-responsive mechanisms (temperature, pH) and mechanical property enhancement.

Main Results:

Responsive hydrogels demonstrate significant potential in mimicking biological processes and responding to environmental cues.
Double-network (DN) hydrogel strategies have markedly improved mechanical strength and durability compared to conventional hydrogels.
Innovations include shape-deformable DN hydrogels, organic/inorganic composites, and applications in flexible electronics.

Conclusions:

Responsive IPN hydrogels, particularly DN variants, represent a significant advancement in materials science.
Enhanced mechanical properties open new avenues for hydrogels in demanding applications.
Continued research promises further innovation in hydrogel-based technologies.