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Author Spotlight: Improving Radiation Therapy Access with Radiation Planning Assistant

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Readability and Information Quality in Cancer Information From a Free vs Paid Chatbot.

David Musheyev¹, Alexander Pan¹, Preston Gross¹

¹Department of Urology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, New York.

JAMA Network Open

|July 26, 2024

Summary

Paying for chatbot access improves readability, but specific prompts enhance free chatbot responses without altering information quality. Prompting strategies can improve equitable access to health information.

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Area of Science:

Artificial Intelligence
Health Informatics
Natural Language Processing

Background:

Mainstream chatbot use necessitates evaluating information readability and quality.
Cancer-related queries are frequently searched, making chatbot responses critical for public health information.
Differences in information accessibility between free and paywalled chatbot services require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare readability and information quality of free versus paywalled chatbot responses for cancer-related queries.
To determine if precise prompting can reduce any observed differences in chatbot response quality.
To assess the impact of prompting on the readability of chatbot-generated health information.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study compared free and paywalled ChatGPT responses to Google Trends' top cancer search queries.
Readability was measured using Flesch Reading Ease scores; information quality was assessed with the DISCERN instrument.
Responses were analyzed with and without specific prompts, such as "Explain at a sixth-grade reading level."

Main Results:

Nonprompted free chatbot responses exhibited lower readability than paywalled responses (P < .05).
Prompting the free chatbot to a sixth-grade reading level significantly increased readability, surpassing nonprompted paywalled responses (P < .001).
Prompting improved readability in both free and paywalled versions, with no significant difference in overall information quality (DISCERN scores).

Conclusions:

While paywalled chatbots offer easier-to-read content, effective prompting can enhance free chatbot responses.
Prompting strategies do not compromise the quality of information provided by chatbots.
Educating the public on chatbot prompting can foster more equitable access to health information.