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International consensus on fasting terminology.

Daniela A Koppold1, Carolin Breinlinger2, Etienne Hanslian2

  • 1Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Nature-Based Therapies, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, 14109 Berlin, Germany; Charité Competence Center for Traditional and Integrative Medicine (CCCTIM), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.

Cell Metabolism
|July 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers established clear definitions for various human fasting methods, including modified and intermittent fasting, to improve consistency in disease prevention research and clinical practice.

Keywords:
Delphi methodalternate-day fastingdry fastingfastingfasting-mimicking dietintermittent energy restrictionintermittent fastingperiodic fastingtherapeutic fastingtime-restricted eating

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Metabolic Research
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Fasting is increasingly utilized for disease prevention and treatment.
  • A lack of standardized terminology hinders research and clinical application of fasting methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish consensus on standardized terminology for various human fasting approaches.
  • To provide expert recommendations for consistent communication in fasting research and clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Delphi methodology involving an international, multidisciplinary panel of 38 experts.
  • Conducted five online surveys and a live online conference to achieve consensus.

Main Results:

  • Achieved consensus on definitions for "fasting," "modified fasting," "fluid-only fasting," "alternate-day fasting," "short-term fasting," "prolonged fasting," and "religious fasting."
  • Identified "intermittent fasting," "time-restricted eating," and "fasting-mimicking diet" as key areas of discussion.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized fasting terminology is crucial for advancing research and clinical applications.
  • This expert consensus facilitates clearer communication and cross-referencing in the field of human fasting.