The comprehensive care of the post-SCAD patient

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is the nonatherosclerotic, nontraumatic dissection of an epicardial coronary artery which is predominantly caused by intramural hematoma formation or intimal disruption. SCAD is an increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in young women and its true prevalence may be underestimated due to its underdiagnosis. The pathogenesis of SCAD is multifaceted and influenced by gender-specific factors, hormonal fluctuations, genetics, arteriopathies, and physical and emotional stressors. Although the pathogenesis of SCAD is multifaceted, current guidance on the care of the post-SCAD patient is limited. Moreover, it is necessary to address each of the different components contributing to the pathogenesis of SCAD in order to improve outcomes and quality of life in this patient population. This literature review aims to consolidate the current knowledge on the medical management, rehabilitation, reproductive and mental health care, and comorbidities that affect SCAD survivors.