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Acute Infectious Diarrhea.

Marco Poeta¹, Margherita Del Bene¹, Andrea Lo Vecchio¹

¹Department of Translational Medical Sciences - Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|July 26, 2024

Summary

Probiotics are effective for treating acute infectious diarrhea (AID) in children, with specific strains and early intervention being key. Their preventative role is more suited for at-risk populations and hospital-acquired infections.

Keywords:

Diarrhea Gastroenteritis Gastrointestinal infections Probiotics

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Gastroenterology
Microbiology
Immunology

Background:

Acute infectious diarrhea (AID) poses a significant global health burden in children.
Probiotics offer a promising therapeutic avenue for AID due to their multifaceted actions on the gut.
Strain-specific efficacy and appropriate indications are crucial for successful probiotic intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the mechanisms of action of probiotics in childhood AID.
To evaluate the evidence supporting probiotic use in the prevention and treatment of AID.
To discuss emerging research on probiotics, postbiotics, and their impact on specific diarrheal conditions.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of existing research on probiotics for AID.
Analysis of clinical trial data and expert guidelines.
Discussion of novel findings, including rotavirus immunization interactions and COVID-associated diarrhea.

Main Results:

Probiotic therapy for AID is a well-established indication, particularly for treatment.
Selected probiotic strains demonstrate efficacy and safety when used early in AID management.
Prevention of AID is supported in hospital-acquired settings and for at-risk children, but less so in healthy populations.

Conclusions:

The strongest evidence for probiotic use in pediatric gastrointestinal disorders lies in treating AID.
Early administration of effective probiotic strains is recommended for optimal outcomes in childhood AID.
Further research is needed to clarify the role of probiotics in AID prevention in diverse settings.