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Precocious puberty, pandemic and beyond.

Guillermo F Alonso1

  • 1Pediatric Endocrinology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. guillermo.alonso@hospitalitaliano.org.ar.

Pituitary
|July 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown led to a significant increase in central precocious puberty (CPP) cases, particularly in girls. Environmental and lifestyle changes during lockdown appear to have triggered early onset of the gonadotrophic axis.

Keywords:
COVID19PandemiaPrecocious puberty

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Environmental Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent government-imposed lockdowns in March 2020 led to widespread changes in daily life.
  • Healthcare institutions observed shifts in medical consultation reasons during this period.
  • Pediatric endocrinologists noted an increase in consultations for central precocious puberty (CPP) following lockdown measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the observed increase in central precocious puberty (CPP) incidence among children during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.
  • To explore the potential role of environmental and lifestyle changes during lockdown in triggering early onset of the gonadotrophic axis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of consultation data from Pediatric Endocrinology Centers.
  • Review of published reports and case studies on precocious puberty incidence during the pandemic.
  • Correlation of increased CPP cases with lockdown periods and associated lifestyle changes.

Main Results:

  • Several studies reported a two to threefold rise in CPP incidence, especially in girls, during the months following lockdown.
  • This trend suggests a significant impact of altered environmental and habitual factors on the early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
  • The findings highlight a potential public health concern related to endocrine disruption in children due to pandemic-related lifestyle shifts.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown environment appears to be a significant factor contributing to the increased incidence of central precocious puberty.
  • Changes in children's daily routines, diet, physical activity, and screen time during lockdown likely played a role in triggering early puberty.
  • Further research is warranted to fully understand the mechanisms and long-term implications of these environmental influences on pubertal development.