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Temperature-induced abnormalities in sheep oocytes during maturation.

R M Moor, I M Crosby

    Journal of Reproduction and Fertility
    |November 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Sheep oocyte maturation is highly sensitive to cold shock. Reducing incubation temperature during meiosis causes chromosomal abnormalities and reduces developmental potential, impacting fertility.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive biology
    • Cell biology
    • Animal science

    Background:

    • In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is crucial for assisted reproductive technologies.
    • Understanding the impact of environmental factors like temperature on oocyte quality is essential for improving IVM success rates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the susceptibility of sheep oocytes to temperature changes during in vitro maturation.
    • To determine the specific meiotic stages most vulnerable to cold shock and its effects on oocyte quality and developmental potential.

    Main Methods:

    • Sheep oocytes were subjected to a reduced incubation temperature (20°C) at various meiotic stages during IVM.
    • Chromosomal abnormalities were assessed, and protein synthesis was analyzed using SDS-PAGE.
    • Fertilization in vivo and subsequent embryonic development to blastocyst stage were evaluated after cooling.

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    Main Results:

    • Cooling induced chromosomal abnormalities, including disorganized metaphase plates and multipolar spindles, in 28-54% of oocytes.
    • The germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) stage was most sensitive to cooling, while late metaphase I showed fewer abnormalities.
    • Developmental potential was significantly reduced, with only 6-11% of cooled oocytes reaching expanded blastocyst stage compared to 44% of controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Maturing sheep oocytes exhibit high sensitivity to temperature drops during IVM.
    • Cold shock during specific meiotic stages can lead to significant chromosomal aberrations and impaired developmental capacity.
    • These findings highlight the importance of strict temperature control during sheep oocyte maturation for successful fertility outcomes.