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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 21, 2026

Manufacturing Abdominal Aorta Hydrogel Tissue-Mimicking Phantoms for Ultrasound Elastography Validation
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Predicting Aneurysmal Degeneration in Uncomplicated Residual Type B Aortic Dissection.

Arianna Forneris1,2, Ali Fatehi Hassanabad3, Jehangir J Appoo3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Predicting aneurysm formation in type B aortic dissection (AD) is crucial. Patient-specific hemodynamics, like false lumen (FL) flow rate and tortuosity, can indicate risk and guide personalized management for AD patients.

Keywords:
CFDaneurysmal degenerationaortic dissectionhemodynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Aneurysm formation in the false lumen (FL) is a common complication for patients with type B aortic dissection (AD).
  • Predicting which patients will develop aneurysms is vital for determining the need for interventional therapy.
  • Personalized management strategies for AD can be improved by understanding patient-specific hemodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate patient-specific hemodynamics and geometric features in type B AD patients.
  • To analyze correlations between hemodynamic descriptors and adverse outcomes such as rapid aortic growth or death.
  • To identify potential indicators for predicting aneurysm formation and guiding disease management.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of individual aortas using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
  • Assessment of hemodynamic descriptors and geometric features in a cohort of residual type B AD patients.
  • Correlation analysis between CFD-derived data and known patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Significant variability in flow patterns and hemodynamic descriptors was observed among patients.
  • Rapid aortic expansion was associated with a larger false lumen (FL).
  • High FL flow rate, tortuosity, and time-averaged wall shear stress at the tear region were linked to adverse outcomes and disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Patient-specific hemodynamic assessment using CFD can complement anatomical evaluation in type B AD.
  • Hemodynamic factors like FL flow rate and tortuosity may serve as indicators of risk for adverse outcomes.
  • A tailored approach to disease management is essential for uncomplicated type B AD patients, leveraging CFD-derived insights.