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Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.

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Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Constructing a Collagen Hydrogel for the Delivery of Stem Cell-loaded Chitosan Microspheres

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Published on: June 1, 2012

Chitosan Scaffolds from Crustacean and Fungal Sources: A Comparative Study for Bone-Tissue-Engineering Applications.

Neelam Iqbal^1,2, Payal Ganguly³, Lemiha Yildizbakan¹

¹School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 27, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Fungal-derived chitosan (CS) scaffolds show promise for bone regeneration, offering an alternative to crustacean-derived CS. These scaffolds, especially with 10% tricalcium phosphate (TCP), demonstrate comparable physicochemical properties and no cytotoxicity.

Keywords:

bone regeneration chitosan crustacean fungal tissue engineering

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Tissue Engineering
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Chitosan (CS) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer with potential in bone regeneration.
Fungal-derived CS is emerging as a viable alternative to conventional crustacean-derived CS.
Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is a common biomaterial used to enhance bone regeneration scaffolds.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate and compare the physicochemical and biological properties of fungal-derived chitosan (MDC) and crustacean-derived chitosan (ADC) scaffolds.
To evaluate the effect of varying tricalcium phosphate (TCP) concentrations on these scaffold properties.
To assess the suitability of MDC scaffolds as an alternative for bone regeneration applications.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of CS scaffolds (ADC and MDC) with 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% TCP concentrations.
Characterization using zeta potential measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Assessment of biodegradability through 4-week mass reduction studies and in vitro cytotoxicity testing using bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSCs).

Main Results:

MDC scaffolds exhibited higher initial zeta potentials compared to ADC scaffolds.
SEM revealed distinct microarchitectural differences: MDC scaffolds showed striation-like structures, while ADC scaffolds displayed porous morphology.
MDC scaffolds demonstrated higher mass reduction (biodegradability) over 4 weeks compared to ADC scaffolds at all TCP concentrations.
All tested scaffolds (ADC and MDC) showed no cytotoxic effects on BMMSCs in vitro.

Conclusions:

Fungal-derived chitosan (MDC) scaffolds possess comparable physicochemical properties to crustacean-derived chitosan (ADC) scaffolds.
MDC scaffolds exhibit suitable characteristics for bone regeneration, potentially serving as an effective alternative to ADC scaffolds.
The 10(wt)% TCP concentration in MDC scaffolds appears particularly promising for bone regeneration applications.