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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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In humans, the photoreceptor cells of the eye and sensory hair cells of the ear lack stem cells. These cells are thus unrenewable and cannot be replaced when they are damaged or destroyed.
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Related Experiment Video

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Modified Experimental Conditions for Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Mice and Assessment of Hearing Function and Outer Hair Cell Damage
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Hearing Loss and Oxidative Stress: A Comprehensive Review.

A Maniaci1,2,3, L La Via4, J R Lechien3,5,6,7

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, 94100 Enna, Italy.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Oxidative stress significantly contributes to various forms of hearing loss. Antioxidant therapies show promise in preventing and treating this damage, offering new hope for improved auditory health.

Keywords:
antioxidantsgene therapyhearing lossinflammationoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hearing loss affects millions globally and is increasingly linked to oxidative stress.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in cochlear damage and auditory system dysfunction.
  • The cochlea's high metabolic rate and limited blood supply render it vulnerable to oxidative injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the relationship between oxidative stress and hearing loss.
  • To explore the mechanisms of oxidative damage in the auditory system.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of antioxidant interventions for hearing loss.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on oxidative stress and hearing loss.
  • Analysis of studies investigating ROS in cochlear damage.
  • Evaluation of data on antioxidant therapies and other interventions.

Main Results:

  • Oxidative stress is implicated in age-related, noise-induced, and ototoxic hearing loss.
  • Antioxidant treatments demonstrate potential in preclinical and clinical studies for mitigating hearing loss.
  • Novel approaches like targeted drug delivery and gene therapy are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Oxidative stress is a key factor in multiple types of hearing loss.
  • Antioxidant interventions offer a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Further research into personalized treatments is crucial for effective hearing loss management.