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Circulating Nucleosomes as a Novel Biomarker for Sepsis: A Scoping Review
Fuhong Su1,2, Anthony Moreau1,2, Marzia Savi2,3
1Laboratoire de Recherche Experimentale des Soins Intensifs, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
Biomedicines
|July 27, 2024
Summary
Circulating nucleosome levels show promise as early sepsis biomarkers, correlating with disease severity and prognosis. Higher levels in sepsis patients and non-survivors suggest a role in NETosis, but more research is needed.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Circulating nucleosomes are elevated in various conditions.
- Their utility in sepsis diagnosis and prognosis is limited by detection methods.
- NETosis is a key process in sepsis pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of circulating nucleosome concentrations in sepsis diagnosis, prognosis, and management.
- To assess the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of nucleosomes in sepsis.
- To identify gaps in current research.
Main Methods:
- Scoping review of Cochrane and Medline databases (1996-2024).
- Inclusion of 19 studies with diverse patient populations (SIRS, sepsis, septic shock, controls, healthy volunteers).
- Primary nucleosome measurement via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Main Results:
- Nucleosome levels were significantly higher in sepsis patients than healthy volunteers.
- Elevated nucleosome levels correlated with disease severity (SOFA, APACHE II scores).
- Non-survivors exhibited higher nucleosome levels compared to survivors.
Conclusions:
- Circulating nucleosomes show potential as early markers of NETosis in sepsis.
- They demonstrate moderate diagnostic accuracy and strong prognostic value.
- Further multi-center studies with standardized methods are required to validate findings.
