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Novel Therapeutics for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-A Look at the Past Decade and a Glimpse into the Future

Ying Jie Chee1, Rinkoo Dalan1,2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.

Biomedicines
|July 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Novel therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) now offer cardiorenal protection beyond glucose control. Emerging combination agents promise improved adherence and synergistic benefits for managing T2DM complications.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global health concern, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and kidney disease as leading causes of morbidity and mortality.
  • A glucose-centric approach is insufficient for mitigating cardiovascular risks in T2DM.
  • Recent pharmaceutical advancements offer new avenues for managing T2DM and its complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel antidiabetic agents developed in the last decade.
  • To appraise the mechanisms underlying their cardiorenal protective effects.
  • To provide an outlook on future T2DM management strategies and upcoming agents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on antidiabetic pharmacotherapies.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and mechanistic studies.
  • Synthesis of information on established and emerging T2DM treatments.

Main Results:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) show significant cardiorenal protective benefits.
  • Combination therapies in single agents enhance patient adherence and glycemic control.
  • Novel agents demonstrate potential for synergistic cardiorenal protection.

Conclusions:

  • Current T2DM management requires a shift beyond glycemic control to address cardiorenal risks.
  • SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs are key therapeutic classes for cardiorenal protection.
  • Future T2DM treatment landscape will likely involve combination therapies and novel agents with demonstrated cardiorenal benefits.
Keywords:
cardiovascularglucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsnovel agentsrenalsodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitorstype 2 diabetes mellitus

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