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Published on: November 28, 2015
Forms of Non-Apoptotic Cell Death and Their Role in Gliomas-Presentation of the Current State of Knowledge
Reinhold Nafe1, Elke Hattingen1
1Department of Neuroradiology, Clinics of Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Schleusenweg 2-16, D-60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Abstract:
In addition to necrosis and apoptosis, the two forms of cell death that have been known for many decades, other non-apoptotic forms of cell death have been discovered, many of which also play a role in tumors. Starting with the description of autophagy more than 60 years ago, newer forms of cell death have become important for the biology of tumors, such as ferroptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and paraptosis. In this review, all non-apoptotic and oncologically relevant forms of programmed cell death are presented, starting with their first descriptions, their molecular characteristics, and their role and their interactions in cell physiology and pathophysiology. Based on these descriptions, the current state of knowledge about their alterations and their role in gliomas will be presented. In addition, current efforts to therapeutically influence the molecular components of these forms of cell death will be discussed. Although research into their exact role in gliomas is still at a rather early stage, our review clarifies that all these non-apoptotic forms of cell death show significant alterations in gliomas and that important insight into understanding them has already been gained.
Insights
Newer forms of cell death, including ferroptosis and pyroptosis, are crucial in tumor biology. These non-apoptotic cell death pathways show significant alterations in gliomas, offering new therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Non-apoptotic cell death pathways like autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and paraptosis are increasingly recognized for their roles in tumor biology.
- While necrosis and apoptosis have been studied for decades, newer forms of programmed cell death are now understood to be critical in cancer development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review non-apoptotic, oncologically relevant forms of programmed cell death.
- To present their initial descriptions, molecular characteristics, and roles in cell physiology and pathophysiology.
- To discuss their alterations and significance in gliomas and explore therapeutic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of non-apoptotic cell death pathways.
- Analysis of molecular characteristics and physiological roles.
- Examination of alterations and therapeutic targeting in glioma research.
Main Results:
- Non-apoptotic cell death pathways have distinct molecular features and functions.
- These pathways exhibit significant alterations in gliomas.
- Research into their precise role in gliomas is ongoing but has yielded important insights.
Conclusions:
- Non-apoptotic cell death pathways are integral to glioma biology.
- Understanding these pathways offers potential for novel glioma therapies.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate their roles and therapeutic potential.
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