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Parenting Styles01:27

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Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
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Reply to Gijon-Nogueron, G. Comment on "Alfageme-Garcia et al. Respectful Children's Shoes: A Systematic Review. <i>Children</i> 2024, <i>11</i>, 761".

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Respectful Children's Shoes: A Systematic Review.

Pilar Alfageme-García1, Sonia Hidalgo-Ruiz1, Sergio Rico-Martín2

  • 1Department of Nursing, University Centre of Plasencia, University of Extremadura, 10600 Plasencia, Spain.

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Summary

Proper children's footwear supports healthy foot development from infancy through childhood. Key features include appropriate size, shape, flexibility, and breathable materials for optimal musculoskeletal growth.

Keywords:
childrenchildren’s footwearpediatricsrespectful children’s shoesshoes

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Podiatry
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Child footwear significantly impacts foot development, influencing both healthy and pathological conditions.
  • Key footwear characteristics include size, shape, flexibility, and material breathability.
  • Inappropriate footwear can exacerbate conditions like flat foot, equine foot, and hammer toes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of child footwear and their influence on foot development.
  • To provide guidance on selecting appropriate footwear for children at different growth stages.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Footwear should adapt to a child's growth stages to promote musculoskeletal development.
  • Infants under six months require only socks; flexible footwear is crucial from six months to four years.
  • After four years, soles can thicken slightly and offer more support, but flexibility remains important.

Conclusions:

  • Eco-friendly or "ergonomic" footwear requires careful evaluation beyond labeling.
  • Verification of essential characteristics is necessary to ensure footwear is truly "respectful" of child foot development.