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Spark Plasma Sintering of Pure Titanium: Microstructure and Mechanical Characteristics
Satyavan Digole1, Sanoj Karki1, Manoj Mugale1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2024
Summary
Spark plasma sintering (SPS) enhances pure titanium (Ti) properties. Optimizing SPS temperature significantly impacts Ti
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Metallurgy
- Manufacturing Engineering
Background:
- Titanium (Ti) is a versatile metal crucial for aerospace and biomedical applications.
- Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is an advanced technique for improving Ti properties.
- Optimizing SPS parameters is key to unlocking Ti's full potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of SPS temperature on pure titanium's microstructure and mechanical properties.
- To determine the optimal SPS temperature for enhancing Ti's performance.
- To analyze phase formation and grain structure evolution during SPS.
Main Methods:
- Pure Ti samples were sintered using SPS at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1400 °C.
- Sintering was conducted at 60 MPa with a 5-minute dwell time in an argon atmosphere.
- Microstructural analysis involved X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS).
Main Results:
- All SPS-processed Ti samples achieved high relative densities (>99%).
- Sintering temperature significantly influenced grain size (10–57 µm), tensile yield strength (488–700 MPa), ultimate tensile strength (597–792 MPa), and ductility (4–7%).
- XRD confirmed the presence of single-phase α-Ti (hexagonal close-packed structure) across all tested temperatures.
Conclusions:
- SPS is effective in producing dense, high-quality pure titanium.
- SPS temperature is a critical factor in tailoring Ti's mechanical properties and microstructure.
- This study provides insights for optimizing SPS processing of Ti for advanced applications.
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