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Gut Microbiota and Clinical Manifestations in Thai Pediatric Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Jittraporn Panpetch1, Komsan Kiatrungrit2, Siriporn Tuntipopipat3

  • 1Doctoral Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|July 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Gut bacteria profiles differ in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Specific bacteria like CAG-352 were linked to ADHD symptoms, while others like Eubacterium hallii were associated with lower symptom severity.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Pediatric health

Background:

  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Gut dysbiosis is a potential contributing factor to ADHD.
  • Understanding the gut microbiome's role in ADHD is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the gut microbiota composition between children with ADHD and healthy controls.
  • To identify specific bacterial genera associated with ADHD symptoms.
  • To explore potential correlations between gut bacteria, ADHD symptom severity, and dietary intake.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative cross-sectional study of 24 treatment-naïve Thai children with ADHD and 24 age/gender-matched healthy children.
  • 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of fecal samples to analyze microbial composition.
  • Spearman correlation analysis to assess relationships between bacterial genera, ADHD symptoms, and nutrient intake.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in overall microbial diversity were observed between ADHD patients and controls.
  • ADHD patients showed enrichment in genera such as *Alloprevotella* and *CAG-352*.
  • Healthy controls had higher levels of *Megamonas* and *Eubacterium hallii*.
  • *CAG-352* positively correlated with inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity scores.
  • *Eubacterium hallii* and *Megamonas* negatively correlated with ADHD symptom domains.
  • Beta-carotene and vitamin B2 intake showed associations with specific bacterial genera.

Conclusions:

  • Specific gut microbial profiles are associated with ADHD in children.
  • The gut microbiome may play a role in ADHD pathophysiology.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms linking gut microbiota alterations to ADHD clinical biomarkers.

Keywords:
ADHDattention-deficit hyperactivity disordergut microbiotagut-brain axis

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