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Exercise Intolerance Is Associated with Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Long COVID-19 Syndrome.
Angelos Vontetsianos1, Nikolaos Chynkiamis1,2, Maria Ioanna Gounaridi3
1Rehabilitation Unit, 1st Respiratory Medicine Department, "Sotiria" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 27, 2024
Summary
Long COVID-19 syndrome significantly impacts exercise capacity, linked to impaired left and right ventricular function. Echocardiography and exercise testing reveal associations between cardiac performance and reduced exercise tolerance in affected patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Cardiorespiratory complications are frequent in long COVID-19 syndrome.
- The precise impact on exercise capacity remains unclear.
- This study links cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) with echocardiography to assess exercise tolerance in long COVID-19 patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of long COVID-19 on exercise tolerance.
- To combine CPET with resting echocardiographic data for a comprehensive assessment.
- To identify cardiac parameters associated with exercise intolerance in long COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Forty-two long COVID-19 patients and ten healthy controls underwent resting echocardiography and symptom-limited CPET.
- Echocardiography assessed left ventricular systolic function (LV-GLS, LVEF) and diastolic function (E/e' ratio).
- Right ventricular systolic performance (SRV) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) were evaluated.
Main Results:
- Long COVID-19 patients exhibited significantly lower LVEF and greater left ventricular end-diastolic diameter compared to controls.
- Diastolic dysfunction (E/e') and elevated PASP were associated with reduced peak work rate (WRpeak) and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak).
- Right ventricular systolic performance (SRV) strongly correlated with WRpeak and VO2peak.
Conclusions:
- Exercise intolerance in long COVID-19 is linked to impaired left ventricular diastolic function and elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure.
- Right ventricular systolic performance is a significant predictor of exercise capacity in these patients.
- Findings underscore the complex interplay between cardiac function and exercise limitation in long COVID-19 syndrome.
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