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Causal Roles of Ventral and Dorsal Neural Systems for Automatic and Control Self-Reference Processing: A Function

Jie Sui1, Pia Rotshtein2, Zhuoen Lu1

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Self-reference processing involves automatic and control aspects, supported by distinct brain networks. Understanding these processes is crucial for interpreting the world and everyday functioning.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Self-reference processing aids task performance but its automatic and control facets interaction is understudied.
  • Existing research often overlooks the interplay between automatic self-reference and executive control in daily life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between automatic and control self-reference processing.
  • To identify distinct neural substrates for automatic and control self-reference functions.

Main Methods:

  • Neuropsychological patients performed self-face perception and executive function tasks (Birmingham frontal task).
  • Principal component analysis identified processing components.
  • Voxel-based morphometry and lesion-mapping analyzed grey and white matter correlates.

Main Results:

  • Automatic self-reference correlated with familiarity/orientation judgments and ventromedial prefrontal cortex/right inferior temporal gyrus grey matter.
  • Executive control deficits linked to bilateral inferior parietal lobule/left anterior insula grey matter.
  • Distinct white matter pathways (right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus for automatic; left superior longitudinal fasciculus/arcuate fasciculus for control) were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Automatic and control self-reference processing rely on separate but interconnected neural networks.
  • Ventral prefrontal-temporal networks support automatic processing, while dorsal frontal-parietal networks support control processing.