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Development of PLA-Waste Paper Biocomposites with High Cellulose Content.

Concepción Delgado-Orti1, Francisco J Navas-Martos2, Jose A Rodríguez-Liébana2

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Paper industry waste, rich in cellulose, was incorporated into polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites. This sustainable approach enhanced tensile properties but decreased impact strength, offering new material possibilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Sustainable Materials

Background:

  • Polylactic acid (PLA) is a prevalent biobased polymer.
  • Valorization of industrial waste streams is crucial for circular economy principles.
  • Cellulose-rich waste materials present opportunities for composite reinforcement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of incorporating paper industry waste into PLA biocomposites.
  • To evaluate the effects of varying waste content on material properties.
  • To explore sustainable alternatives for composite manufacturing.

Main Methods:

  • Biocomposite samples (0-25 wt.% waste) were prepared using extrusion and injection molding.
  • Mechanical testing (tensile, impact) was performed.
  • Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were utilized for material characterization.

Main Results:

  • Tensile properties improved with increased waste content, while impact strength decreased.
  • Melting temperature decreased and crystallinity increased, as shown by DSC.
  • Water absorption rose proportionally with waste content, confirmed by FT-IR and XRD.
  • SEM analysis indicated good cohesion between the cellulose waste reinforcement and the PLA matrix.

Conclusions:

  • Paper industry waste can be effectively integrated as reinforcement in PLA biocomposites.
  • The developed biocomposites offer potential for sustainable applications.
  • This research opens new avenues for utilizing industrial byproducts in composite material manufacturing.