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Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System
Published on: May 12, 2011
Non-Apoptotic Programmed Cell Death as Targets for Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration
Yingjia Lin1,2, Shuping Ke1,2, Weiqing Ye1,2
1Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China.
Abstract:
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains the leading cause of blindness among the global working-age population. Emerging evidence underscores the significance of diabetic retinal neurodegeneration (DRN) as a pivotal biomarker in the progression of vasculopathy. Inflammation, oxidative stress, neural cell death, and the reduction in neurotrophic factors are the key determinants in the pathophysiology of DRN. Non-apoptotic programmed cell death (PCD) plays a crucial role in regulating stress response, inflammation, and disease management. Therapeutic modalities targeting PCD have shown promising potential for mitigating DRN. In this review, we highlight recent advances in identifying the role of various PCD types in DRN, with specific emphasis on necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, and the more recently characterized PANoptosis. In addition, the therapeutic agents aimed at the regulation of PCD for addressing DRN are discussed.
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