A Wideband High Gain Differential Patch Antenna Featuring In-Phase Radiating Apertures

Area of Science:

• Electrical Engineering
• Electromagnetics
• Antenna Theory

Background:

• Communication systems require wide bandwidths for high throughput.
• Imaging radars need high gain and wide bandwidths for extended range and high-resolution imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and evaluate a novel wideband, high-gain antenna.
• To achieve an average gain of 9.7 dBi over a bandwidth of 1.49 GHz to 3.92 GHz.

Main Methods:

• The antenna features a unique structure with stacked radiating patches (rectangular, U-shaped, H-shaped) and coplanar waveguide feeding.
• In-phase electrical field distributions create same-direction magnetic currents, intensifying radiation.
• Short-circuited patches and coplanar waveguide feeding are utilized for impedance matching and bandwidth enhancement.

Main Results:

• The antenna achieves an average gain of 9.7 dBi over a 1.49 GHz to 3.92 GHz bandwidth (89.8% fractional bandwidth).
• The design increased bandwidth from 65 MHz to 2.43 GHz and gain by 3.45 dB at 2.4 GHz.
• Maximum measured gain is 11.3 dBi.

Conclusions:

• The developed antenna offers high gain and wide bandwidth, making it suitable for advanced communication systems.
• Its performance characteristics are ideal for long-range communication and high-resolution radar applications.